Autism Speaks Partners in Supporting Research on Austin’s Genetic Ties

Kenneth DeRoche is an industrial service manager who supervises a team of technicians and conducts project management while ensuring proper quality control. With a community focus, Kenneth DeRoche supports groups that enable health-care research, such as Autism Speaks.

One current collaboration of the nonprofit, in partnership with the University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, DNAstack, and Verily, fosters exploration into the genetics behind autism. Utilizing data from families living with autism, whole genome sequencing is employed in creating an autism database that includes deep phenotyping. Dubbed MSSNG, the project focuses on enabling better identification of subtypes of autism to improve diagnostics and facilitate personalized treatments.

According to The Hospital for Sick Children’s chief researcher, preliminary findings suggest that 90 percent of the causations for autism relate to genetic factors. One participant profiled, living with repeat sub-clinical seizures, has a rare genetic mutation that affects about 20 percent of those in MSSNG’s database. The project has collected data from over 12,000 families as of 2022.

For families with a child with autism, identifying genetic variations can help them anticipate outcomes and future needs. Once diagnosed with a genetic condition listed in the database, participating families connect with a genetic counselor for assistance with predicting behavioral trajectory and appropriate accommodations or interventions.

Through connections discerned by the program, medical scientists can study these genetic influencers and how different variations affect the brain. Their findings can subsequently guide research on targeted therapies and drug repurposing for treating severe debilitations, such as seizures.

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Two Techniques for Catching a Black Sea Bass

Based in Massachusetts, Kenneth DeRoche was a police officer in Lowell. Before that, he served as a plane captain/aviation electrician in the United States Navy. When he is not working, Kenneth DeRoche enjoys camping and fishing.

The black sea bass is a sport fish that can grow up to eight pounds and above. Usually, this fish is found in saltwater around the Atlantic Coast from Florida to Massachusetts. They are bottom feeders, and they prey on anything available. In terms of lifespan, a female black sea bass lives up to eight years while a male can live up to 12 years. Multiple techniques are used to catch the black sea bass, from gear to bait.

An example of one of these techniques is bait. This fish eats anything available to it, but they have favorites. Some include bloodworms, squid, clams, crabs, sandworms, and mussels. Using artificial bait like Z-Man Scented or Berkley Gulp can help.

Another technique is with gear. The most suggested type of gear is a 20-30 pound fishing line that helps for low stretch and sensitivity, a six to seven feet medium rod, a 3000-4000 pound spinning reel, and top and bottom rigs with hooks of four to eight ounces.

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The Plane Captain - A Most Critical Job

Kenneth DeRoche lives in Methuen, Massachusetts, and currently serves as a service manager for CVI, a position he’s held since 2019. He earned both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in criminal justice from the University of Massachusetts, following which he served for ten years as a police officer for the city of Lowell, Massachusetts. Before attending college, Kenneth DeRoche served with the United States Navy as an aviation electrician and plane captain for the F/A-18C fighter aircraft.

One of the most demanding of all assignments on a US Navy aircraft carrier, a plane captain is responsible for overseeing the maintenance of all an aircraft’s operating systems and readiness, as well as checking fluid levels, cockpit conditions and ensuring that all bolts and fasteners are secure and that there are no foreign objects on the plane that could inhibit its performance.

Although plane captains generally aren’t qualified experts on any of the plane’s many complex systems, they’re highly trained and capable of identifying problems and communicating them to the electricians, mechanics, and other experts who perform the actual tasks. Many plane captains spend 12 to 18 hours per day working on their planes.

The plane captain is the central, most reliable source of information about an aircraft’s mission readiness, and the one on whom the pilot relies for the most accurate assessment. The plane captain coordinates pre-flight checks with the pilot and is the one person who gives the pilot the final approval to take off. Two names are stenciled on the aircraft’s body – the pilot’s and the plane captain’s.

Plane captains are often among a carrier’s most junior enlisted personnel, chosen for their aptitude, character, and skills by their commanders and trained intensely for at least three months before assuming their duties. They serve as plane captains for up to a year or more before moving into a more specialized occupation, in the process accumulating an encyclopedic knowledge of the aircraft as well as the squadron’s operation.

ASD, Early Signs, & Possible Causes

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a developmental condition that affects social interaction, behavior, and verbal skills, affected 1 in 54 8-year-old children as of 2016, the most recent year in which the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) tracked data. This was up substantially from the network’s first surveillance year of 2000 in which only 1 in 150 8-year-old children showed symptoms.

The most common symptoms of ASD are repetitive behaviors and challenges communicating verbally and nonverbally with others. Some people diagnosed with ASD may have issues with spoken language, maintaining eye contact, and understanding the appropriate tone of voice, facial expressions, and gestures. Repetitive behaviors may involve body movements such as spinning, rocking, or flapping, or performing the same motions with objects, for example, flipping levers or spinning wheels.

Other known ASD symptoms include obsessive interest in particular topics, resistance to change or an unwavering desire for routine and structure, ritualistic behaviors, and being anxious or overwhelmed in social situations. People with ASD also may have difficulty recognizing their and other people's emotions.

Determining ASD in a child can be difficult. Some infants exhibit symptoms during their first few months, while others do not show signs until 2 or 3 years old. Conversely, some children without ASD show some of the aforementioned symptoms early in their development.

At 6 months, a child may be at risk for ASD if he or she avoids eye contact or has yet to show big smiles or joyful expressions. By 12 months, children with ASD are unlikely to engage in babbling and rarely point, reach, or wave. They also may not respond to their name. If they are not speaking an appropriate amount at the 16- and 24-month marks, they should be taken to a pediatrician for a professional evaluation.

Parents who are unsure if their child has ASD can complete the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers. This online screening questionnaire, compiled by Autism Speaks, includes questions such as, "If you point at something across the room, does your child look at it?" and "Does your child make unusual finger movements near his or her eyes?"

Professionals diagnose ASD and the level of severity by following guidelines in the fifth edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. There are three levels of severity, with the third requiring that the child receives substantial support during development. However, early diagnosis and intervention can help improve ASD-associated conditions.

Because of the complexity of the condition and its range of symptoms, researchers have been unable to attribute specific causes of ASD. Inherited and spontaneous genetic mutations may affect brain development and impact the severity of symptoms. Researchers also are exploring the impact of environmental factors, such as viral infections, air pollutants, and complications during pregnancy. Children are at a higher risk of ASD if it is present in their family history or they were born before 26 weeks of gestation. Additionally, boys are four times more likely to be diagnosed with ASD than girls.